The gravitational potential energy will increase by 23.5 J. If you lift a 2.00 kilogram book to a shelf 1.20 meters above the floor, what is the change in potential energy in joules? The gravitational field of the book is not considered because the field of an object only affects other objects. This can be expressed as GPE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object in kilograms, g is the acceleration due to gravity in meters per second squared (9.80 m/s 2 near Earth’s surface), and his the height the object is raised in meters. Gravitational potential energy (GPE) is related to the mass and height of the object, and acceleration due to the gravitational field. Gravity is a force that is described as a field, meaning there is a region in space that has this force at every point.
Raising an object above the ground increases the gravitational potential energy because work has been done on the object against the force of gravity. Gravitational potential energy is the energy resulting from the gravitational forces between two objects. Together, the book and Earth have potential energy. This is considered stored energy.Ĭonsider a book on a table. Potential energy does not involve motion, it is dependent on the interaction between two objects and the forces involved.
Potential energy is energy an object has due to its position. A truck with four times the mass of a car has four times as much energy as the car when they travel at the same speed. If a car doubles its speed, its kinetic energy increases by a factor of four. Notice that a change in speed affects energy more than a change in mass. However, Truck A has more kinetic energy than Car B because Truck A has more mass. As shown in the diagram, Truck A and Car B are traveling at the same speed. If two objects are moving at the same speed, the object with more mass has more kinetic energy than the object with less mass. Notice that Car Band Car C have equal mass, but Car C has more kinetic energy than Car B because it is moving faster.
The diagram at the top of the next page shows calculations for the kinetic energy for three vehicles. If two objects have equal mass, the object that is moving faster has more kinetic energy. Energy can be expressed in units of joules, where 1 joule is 1 (kg The amount of kinetic energy (KE) in joules that an object has is determined by the equation, here m equals the mass of the object in kilograms and v equals its velocity in meters per second. The amount of kinetic energy depends on two things: the object’s mass and how fast the object is moving. Kinetic energy is the energy of an object’s or particle’s motion. Every form of energy, including movement, stored energy, heat, and light, can be measured in joules. Eating the apple provides the human body with about 250,000 J. It takes about one joule for a person to lift an apple one meter off the ground. Objects can have energy due to their movement or their position. Every action is connected to energy in one form or another. Energy is the ability to make things happen. These are all forms of energy-motion, light, and sound.
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